Research Proposal Developments and Evaluation

Questions: 1.What is/are the research question/s?2.What is the proposed rationale/contribution?3.What is the methodology?4.What are the primary methods utilised?5.What kind of sampling approach is used?6.How were the results presented?7.What ethical considerations were documented? Answers: 1. The article on Social integration of Australian Muslims primarily focuses on understanding the social issues that are faced by the Muslims in Australia. Hence, the major research question is based on social issues about Islam that are explained by the Muslim leaders of Australia and the actions that are undertaken by these leaders to resolve the problems (Sohrabi and Farquharson, 2016). According to the leaders, the media misleads the perceptions of the public by interacting biased and distorted narratives. Hence, the primary research question is what are the social issues related to Muslims in Australia and how does the Muslim leaders in neutralise the issues of social misleads in Australia (Sohrabi and Farquharson, 2016)? Evaluation: According to Maggi Walter (2013), social research is differs to a scientific and management research through the context of questions asked in the study. It is important for a social research to ask questions that brings up any social issue that are taking place in the society or community. Walter says that social research is about seeking answer and investigating social questions that people ask about the real world. Considering the fact, it can be seen that the article is up to mark that asks a social question, what are the social issues related to Muslims in Australia and how does the Muslim leaders in neutralise the issues of social misleads in Australia? Hence, the research question helps to known about the social status of the Muslims in Australia and how the Muslim leaders deals with the issues of racism, injustice and terrorism status in the Australian state (Kelly, 2016). 2.Article: The identified article shows the Australians support towards multiculturalism and migration. Conversely, the anti-Muslim sentiments in the case of the Muslim migration have been largely defined showing evidence such as media disclosures (Sohrabi and Farquharson, 2016). Meanwhile, anti-Muslim persistent of prominent Australian leaders has been reconciled in the article leading to humiliation, injustice and racism towards the Australian Muslims. Admittedly, the role of the public has been identified through the article as the social public has not largely derived from the misleading information about the Muslim actions (Sohrabi and Farquharson, 2016). Precisely, the article talks about Muslim integrity if the media has replaced the dehumanising images about the Muslim community. Moreover, through the identification of social relationship, the study adopts dramaturgical perspective to judge the position of the individuals from sensitive point of view. As quoted in the study, Using the imagery of drama, he took advantage of a panoply of theatrical terms such as props, script, front and back stages, role, scenario, performance and character to explain the dynamics of presentation of self in face-to-face interactions, it is quite clear that the implications of the leaders have delivered dynamic roles of social integrity, trust and identity of people (Sohrabi and Farquharson, 2016). Evaluation: Predominantly, the research study represents the social integration of the Muslim community living in Australia under the leadership political leaders. Throughout the study paper, the authors, Sohrabi and Farquharson (2016) describes the role of the Muslim leaders to build up a political strategy for representing a clear image about Islam has been seemed to be missing in the article. However, according to the investigation, the authors identify that the Australian culture does not derive Muslim community as intolerant, arrogant and egotistical. Critically, the study argues about the foreign policy, labour market structure and cultural values of Australia under the social system integration (Forcese and Richer, 2013). Decisively, the Muslim leaders in Australia have found to be somewhat powerless influencing the dignity of the minority group within the country (Kelly, 2016). Furthermore, through the research study, authors describe the tolerant, law-abiding and peaceful li ving standards of Australian Muslims. Moreover, through the interviews of the Muslim leaders, Sohrabi and Farquharson (2016) identify the unfair and detrimental media representation about the Muslim community living in Australia. 3. Article: Considering the article on Social integration of Australian Muslims: A dramaturgical perspective by Sohrabi and Farquharson (2016), it can be seen that a dramaturgical model has been utilised to collect data and conduct the analysis. The article mainly focuses on the interaction with thirty Muslim leaders in Australia conducted in the form of direct interviews. Most of these leaders hold a good position in the Australian Muslim Community. The research has been conducted on a qualitative basis that presents the findings in a thematic manner. The data has been collected by conducting in-depth interviews of thirty Muslim Leaders who live in Sydney and Melbourne during 2010 and 2011 (Sohrabi and Farquharson, 2016). The article also presents the name of the participants in the list presented in the appendix. The interview has been conducted in an interactive way in which the participants are asked few questions and a discussion has been made on the given topic. The article sho ws that most of the participants were integrationist who worked for the welfare of the Muslim community in Australia. Integrationists are the people who believe in and support any social integration. They work for the social benefit of the community. Hence, the feedbacks of the participants have been used in context to the research question to present the direct thoughts of the Muslims living in Australia. On the other hand, the research can be termed as descriptive in nature that provides additional information on the chosen field of study. Evaluation: Considering the methodology used in the research, it can be seen that the authors have utilised the dramaturgical model of research study (Goffman, 1959). Goffman (1959) first presents a detailed analysis and description of a meaning and process in a mundane interaction. It is a process of conducting an analysis by interacting with different people belonging to a same field of study. Dramaturgical model is primarily used in social research to present the thoughts of the people regarding any social issues going on in the community. According to Glazkov (2016), it is a process of interacting with people to get information about the social matters and observe their thoughts to present the findings in a dramaturgical manner. In the article, the interviews are conducted by interacting with the participants in a discussion manner and findings are transcribed and analysed thematically (Stone, 1957). The research is conducted in a manner of performance in which the participants p layed their character according to the role and scenario. Walter (2013) says that dramaturgical perspective is one of the most suitable ways of conducting a social research that helps to present the findings as per the current view of the social volunteers. On the other hand, the methodology shows that the research has been conducted in a descriptive way in which more information can be added to the field of social issues among Muslims in Australia (Somekh and Lewin, 2005). The research is mainly based on qualitative analysis in which the research questions are answered to present a solution to the social issues. Hence, the Dramaturgical method has been well used in the study to provide realistic thoughts of the social activist in the country. It increases the reliability of the findings and makes reader aware of the actual facts in the community. 4. Article: The primary methods that are utilised in the article are the interviews that were conducted to collect primary data from the leading socialist Muslims of Sydney and Melbourne. It can be seen from the article of Sohrabi and Farquharson (2016), that most of the participants were integrationist who actively plays their role in improving the current status of the Muslims in Australia. In other words, the Muslim leaders chosen for the collection of data were the active members of the Australian Muslim Community who promote, encourage and advocate the social integration of the Muslims in the society. Hence, the primary sources of data were selected keeping in mind their professional backgrounds and social activities (Selltiz, 2009). Each interview was conducted for around 40 minutes in which the participants were presented with different themes on integration of Muslims in Australia. The participants were asked to present their views and understanding of the problems (Sohrabi a nd Farquharson, 2016). On the other hand, the participants were also asked to present the activities they undertake to mitigate such social issues in the community and society. Evaluation: Precisely, the identified primary methods used in the article are truly effective to evaluate each of the result of the interviews. Through the identification of the primary data received from the interview sessions, the role and responsibility of the leaders have been noted as a source of research data to evaluate how the leaders have played their part in promoting the peaceful mindset of Islamic community (Tahe and Laeheem, 2013). Also, the different approach of integrationists and isolationists has been identified through the primary data collection methods. Admittedly, the review of the interview outcomes has represented the everyday conflict situations of the Islamic community living in Australia that is one of the major benefits of the primary method (Mansouri and Lobo, 2011). 5. Article: As the sampling approach is an essential part of a research study, this particular research case determines significant sampling technique, to say the least. From the study, it is quite clear that in-depth interviews were conducted with well-known Muslim leaders during the period of 2010 and 2011 (Sohrabi and Farquharson, 2016). On basis of the process, the sampling approach has been identified as stratified sampling method to understand the orderly stance of the sub-groups included in the investigation (Stuart and Cochran, 2013). Precisely, the sub-groups included herein were miscellaneous ethnic and political leader groups belong to Muslim religion in Australia. On the other hand, in sampling secondary resources such as the internet has been taken into consideration to produce the best data collection suitable for the research study (Boddy and Dominelli, 2016). Conveniently, majority of the study participants has been recognised as Australian-born or brought up Muslims in Australia. Meanwhile, stratified sampling method has helped to identify the social integration of the participants regarding to the broader perspective. With different knowledge, political views and experience level, the identified thirty interviewing correspondents were asked to reflect their ideas and concepts on the given sections in order to gather compatible data regarding democracy, culture and social responsibility. Clearly, the sampling technique has been issues to promote broader composition of social integration. Evaluation: On a positive note, the research study has identified significant Muslim people so that their respective social work has been featured in the article. Precisely, most of the selected interviewers have been designated in the higher levels of media working for the social benefits of the Muslim community living in Australia. Through the interview session, it has been identified that most of the leaders are integrationist by nature. Through the media interactions, the leaders have influenced the non-Muslim community to understand the peaceful mindset of the Muslim. On this note the sampling was absolutely significant (Tahe and Laeheem, 2013). Secondly, in sampling approach out of the thirty candidates, eighteen has been male and rest of the twelve interviewers are female candidates. On this regard the sampling for the study includes opinion according to the gender equality. 6. Article: Throughout the entire research, most of the Muslim leaders have been identified as integrationist whereas some of the leaders are found to be isolationists. The integrationist leaders are quite clear about their views promoting Islam and peace through media. On the other hand, isolationist Muslim leaders have seemed to decline the thought of social integration (Hjelm, 2011). Although the minority of Muslim leaders are identified as isolationist, it shows negative intents of the leaders to the larger audience. In terms of broader perspective, descriptive analysis of the leadership thought and ideas have been presented as the result outcome to influence the non-Muslim community in a positive way. Evaluation: In terms of evaluation of the article, the reporting of identified data has been produced in a strategic way to show how majority of the Muslim leaders in Australia have performed their roles and responsibilities. Moreover, the outcome of the research has verified the attempts of the integrationist Muslim leaders to build up a Muslim identity according to the Australian culture (Sohrabi and Farquharson, 2016). Evidently, the outcome of the research article shows how the leadership has changed the mindset of the Muslim community towards non-Muslim Australians enhancing communication standards and societal benefits. Clearly, a peaceful image of Muslim community and their intention have been briefed throughout the study. 7. Article: Both the political and collective aspects associated with the Muslim community have been considered to conduct the study. Precisely, the respondents of the interview have been given the options to use either their real name or pseudonyms (Sohrabi and Farquharson, 2014). Meanwhile, the secrecy of the respondents has been kept secret following the ethical dignity. In addition to that, the alternative peaceful image of the Muslim life has been promoted to the non-Muslim community of Australia showing the symbolic feature of Islam. Thus, the ethical role of the Muslim leaders has been highlighted throughout the study paper (Hjelm, 2011). Apparently, the research does not describe the hostile climate of the Muslim communitys everyday life due to ethical background. Evaluation: In order to conduct the research, there have been issues regarding Muslim activism attached to the role of the Muslim leaders in enhancing conflict situation. For ethical basis, the outcome has been restricted to some extent. However, the research on integrationist Muslim leaders has been depicted in the research outcome to show the misleading information of the news channels and Australian media (Jupp, 2001). Typically the research has documented that the Muslim leaders have participated in the media interviews to denounce terrorism and hostility condemning the activities. Meanwhile, such attributes may ethically inspire the non-Muslim community to identify the peaceful mindset of Muslims. References Boddy, J. and Dominelli, L. (2016). Social Media and Social Work: The Challenges of a New Ethical Space.Australian Social Work, pp.1-13. Forcese, D. and Richer, S. (2013).Social research methods. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice Hall. Glazkov, K. (2016). Erving Goffmans Gaming Concept of Everyday Life: Between Symbolic Interactionism and Ethnomethodology.RSR, 15(2), pp.167-191. Goffman, E. (1959). The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life. New York, Penguin. Hjelm, T. (2011).Religion and social problems. New York: Routledge. Jupp, J. (2001).The Australian people. Cambridge [England]: Cambridge University Press. Kelly, A. (2016).Social Research Methods. University of London International Programmes. Mansouri, F. and Lobo, M. (2011).Migration, citizenship, and intercultural relations. Farnham, Surrey: Ashgate. Selltiz, C. (2009).Research methods in social relations. [New York]: Holt. Sohrabi, H. (2015). Identity and Muslim leadership: the case of Australian Muslim leaders.Contemporary Islam, 10(1), pp.1-16. Sohrabi, H. and Farquharson, K. (2014). Australian Muslim leaders and normalisation discourses.Ethnicities, 15(5), pp.633-651. Sohrabi, H. and Farquharson, K. (2016). Social integration of Australian Muslims: A dramaturgical perspective.Journal of Sociology, 52(2), pp.387-402. Somekh, B. and Lewin, C. (2005).Research methods in the social sciences. London: SAGE Publications. Stone, G. (1957). The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life. Erving Goffman.American Journal of Sociology, 63(1), pp.105-105. Stuart, A. and Cochran, W. (2013). Sampling Techniques.Econometrica, 31(4), p.773. Tahe, H. and Laeheem, K. (2013). The Causes of Reduction of the Role in Youth Management According to the Islamic Way among Muslim Leaders in the Three Southern Border Provinces.Asian Social Science, 9(17). Walter, M. (2013).Social research methods. 3rd edition. Australia, Oxford Press University.

The Kickapoo Indians Essays - Native American Tribes In Iowa

The Kickapoo Indians The Kickapoo Indians are Algonkian-speaking Indians, related to the Sauk and Fox, who lived at the portage between the Fox and Wisconsin rivers, probably in present Columbia County, Wis., U.S., when first reported by Europeans in the late 17th century. The Kickapoo were known as formidable warriors whose raids took them over a wide territory, ranging as far as Georgia and Alabama to the southeast; Texas and Mexico to the southwest; and New York and Pennsylvania to the east. Early in the 18th century part of the tribe settled near the Milwaukee River and, after the destruction of the Illinois Indians c. 1765, moved south to Peoria. One band extended as far as the Sangamon River and became known as the Prairie band; another pushed east to the Wabash and was called the Vermilion band. In 1809 and 1819, under the pressure of advancing white settlers, the Kickapoo ceded their lands in Illinois to the United States, moving to Missouri and then to Kansas. About 1852 a large group went to Texas, and from there to Mexico, where another party joined them in 1863. Some returned to Indian Territory in 1873 and later years. The remainder was granted a reservation in eastern Chihuahua State, in northern Mexico; other Kickapoo reside in Oklahoma and Kansas. Only a few Kickapoo village names have survived Etnataek, Kickapougowi, and Kithlipecanuk. The Kickapoo lived in fixed villages, moving between summer and winter residences; they raised corn (maize), beans, and squash and hunted buffalo on the plains. Their society was divided into several exogamous, named clans based on descent through the paternal line. By the 19th century, as a result of scattering in small villages to prevent attack, central tribal authority had broken down, and chiefs of the various bands had become autonomous. From the beginning of European contact, the Kickapoo resisted acculturation in economic, political, and religious matters, retaining as many of their old ways as possible. Before contact with Europeans, the Kickapoo lived in northwest Ohio and southern Michigan in the area between Lake Erie and Lake Michigan. Beginning in the 1640s, the Algonquin tribes in this region came under attack from the east, first by the Ottawa and Iroquian-speaking Neutrals, and then the Iroquois. By 1658 the Kickapoo had been forced west into southwest Wisconsin. About 1700 they began to move south into northern Illinois and by 1770 had established themselves in central Illinois (near Peoria) extending southeast into the Wabash Valley on the western border of Indiana. After wars with the Americans and settlement of the Ohio Valley, they signed treaties during 1819 ceding their remaining land east of the Mississippi River and relocated to southern Missouri (1819-24). Initially, most moved to the lands assigned them, but many remained in central Illinois and refused to leave until they were forcibly removed by the military in 1834. Fewer than half actually stayed on their Miss ouri reserve. Several bands wandered south and west until the Kickapoo were spread across Oklahoma and Texas all the way to the Mexican border (and beyond). In 1832 the Missouri Kickapoo exchanged their reserve for lands in northeast Kansas. After the move, factions developed, and in 1852, a large group left and moved to Chihuahua in northern Mexico. Apparently, there were Kickapoo already living there by this time. Others joined these Mexican Kickapoo between 1857 and 1863. Few remained in Kansas. Between 1873 and 1878, approximately half of the Mexican Kickapoo returned to the United States and were sent to Oklahoma. Currently, there are three federally recognized Kickapoo tribes: the Kickapoo of Kansas the Kickapoo of Oklahoma and the Kickapoo Traditional Tribe of Texas. By 1660 almost all Great Lakes Algonquin were living as refugees in mixed villages in Wisconsin. Intermarriage and mixed populations made accurate counts impossible. The French estimated there were 2,000 Kickapoo in 1684 but by 1759 had increased this to 3,000. Later counts were equally suspect. By 1817 the Kickapoo had absorbed the Mascouten, and the American estimate was 2,000. This seems to have been the last time that the Kickapoo stood still long enough to be counted. A federal Indian agent during 1825 gave 2,200, but he admitted only 600 of them were actually on the Missouri reserve.

Essay Examples on Rasputin Essay Example

Essay Examples on Rasputin Paper 1st Essay Sample on Rasputin Few historians figures have been as shrouded in myth and speculation as Grigory Rasputin.At the height of his fame, he was though to be no less than a demonic figure, possessed of supernatural powers, dissolute agent of the forces of evil with an ironclad, perhaps sexual, hold on the throne of Imperial Russia.( Grigory Efimovich Rasputin is without a question one of the most scandalous figures in Russian history.He is known for his strange powers and mysterious influence over others, which has brought him in the highest circles of St.Petersurg society.He captured attention of the clergymen of Russian Empire.The monk performed his miracles within the palace on Tsarovich Alexis Nicholaievich, the inheritor of the throne, who was born with Hemophilia.Rasputin was able to stop the bleeding and save Alexiss life several times, since the top medical professors couldnt.Rasputin was an illiterate Syberian peasant who entered the highest circles of the Romanov dynasty, a monk whose fame as a health healer and visionary was hidden by scandalous orgies and his very name became known for corruption and dishonesty.His scandalous healings and predictions gained trust from females who gave him sex to save their soul and Tsarina Alexandra, whose child he saved but gained her heart and trust.While he healed the people who trusted him, his enemies were planning his death. Grigory Rasputin was born in western Siberia, in the Tyumen district, about 200 miles east of the Ural Mountains in the late 1800s.Peasants were causal in keeping track of such events, so we do not know the exact date he was born.Estimate of the year as early as 1860 and late as 1873. (Rasputin, 3)As a young boy, he had a strange love toward animals, he was able to hypnotize people to do anything he wanted them to, and also he saw different visions. As a young man, Rasputin was a complete rake. 2nd Essay Sample on Rasputin Folkloresare tales shroudedin mystery and mysticism, often depicting a time and an era long since dead, but there is a story of a man, not to long ago which entertains all the traits of a tall tale.Nobody in recent Russianhistorycommands as much villainy, sainthood and mystery as the charismaticand often elusive Grigory Efimovich Rasputin. This saint who sinned# played a constructive role in the disruption of the Romanov family, the political upheaval of Russia and the eventual fall of the Tsar and his family.There were some that believed him a messenger of god, but in truth Rasputin was a just man, a man who had the incredible ability to deliver people from the confinements of their minds to the righteousness of faith.As past tales have shown, the religious or revolutionary awakening of an individual or a nation results in an irrevocable disruption of the current foundation.Whether Rasputin was the political mastermind or just a humble monk who believed in the pleasures and gratuit y of occultism, he changed Russia in a way that will never be repeated or repented. Tsar Nicholas II son Alexei the only male produced by the royal couple, was the foundation of Rasputins bond with the Tsars.On the second meeting with the tsars, Rasputin requested to meet their son. # He asked for their consent to relieve the childs suffering with a prayer.# Alexei had not been able to fall asleep, beleaguered by his last attack ofHemophilia.# The eccentric peasant approached the crib and began to pray.#Before the tsars themselves, the boy began to grow tranquil and peacefully fell asleep.He awoke healthy the next morning, and it was called a miracle by the tsarina.#Rasputin had now become indispensable. #But Rasputins behavior grew more out of control by the minute. We will write a custom essay sample on Essay Examples on Rasputin specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Essay Examples on Rasputin specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Essay Examples on Rasputin specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

Genetically Engineered Foods essays

Genetically Engineered Foods essays Ever since humans began to grow their own food thousands of years ago, we have been struggling to find ways to make our crops grow bigger and better. In recent centuries though, science has made great improvements in the field of agriculture. This started with Robert Blakewell, an English farmer in the 1700's. Blakewell created herds of superior cattle, horses, and sheep by only breeding his best individual animals. By taking the best and eliminating the worst, he was able to raise livestock that was better than any other farmer's (Trede). By the 1900's, Americans had begun to produce hybrid corn by combining all different kinds of corn into one strain (Trede). From the early 1920's through the 1960's and even up until today, this method has more than tripled the yield of the world's best cropland (Avery). Because of this, Third World countries now have 35% more food per person than they did before any scientific advancements. The method of cross-breeding to create superior hybrids is known as classical breeding. Classical breeding has been going on for years, and continues to be used by farmers and planters. It is a simple way to help a plant or animal evolve into a more desirable breed. Based on this technology alone, we have been able to create breeds efficient enough and with a high enough yield to sustain us so far. However, if the current rate of population growth remains constant, by the year 2030 almost 90% of humans may have to give up eating meat in order to have enough food for everyone (Avery). Classical breeding isn't efficient enough to keep up with this demand. For example, European company Syngenta developed a corn with the intention of making it resistant to the European corn borer. Limiting their methods to conventional breeding, though, they were only able to improve the yield of the corn by 10% (Pollack). This experiment took 12 years to complete, an average length of time wh en dealing with class...

Australian adversarial criminal justice system Essay

Australian adversarial criminal justice system - Essay Example Just as humans are likely to commit errors of judgment, the criminal justice system, run by humans is likely to suffer such errors in judgment. These errors of judgment translate to guilty criminals going unpunished or being unapprehended, and to innocent individuals being sent to jail for crimes they did not commit. The terms â€Å"getting off on a technicality† are terms heard often enough when the legal provisions of the criminal justice system serve to protect the rights of all individuals, even those who are guilty. And yet these provisions are in place to protect the rights of the innocent and to afford due process of law. For which reason, most people remark and are resigned to the fact that when all is said and done the criminal justice system is about as fair and effective as we can reasonably expect. It is a statement which speaks of the need to â€Å"make do† because things â€Å"could have been worse.† It is important however to evaluate the differenc e and decide where the above statement indeed deserves the people’s resigned acceptance. This paper shall now consider the above statement and its merits in the actual criminal justice system. It shall consider the viability of the statement while assessing the strengths and weaknesses of the current Australian criminal justice system. ... The best argument in this adversarial system is used to decide on the case. The parties have control over their case and the presentation of evidence in their favour. They also have freedom to use legal representation if they so desire (Stacy, 1999). The parties also decide if there is a need for a jury in a civil case. The judge’s role in this adversarial system is to ensure that the case proceedings are impartial and fair. He has to make his decision based on his independent decision and he must oversee the proceedings in order to ensure that the rules of court are followed. In effect, while a jury rules over issues of fact, the judge decides over issues of law (Victoria University, n.d). In this adversarial system, there is a need to secure the rules of evidence and procedure. Each court has its rules which are meant to ensure fair and equal treatment of adversarial parties. It also ensures that the jury is not distracted by unnecessary materials and evidence; that unreliab le and unfairly obtained evidence is not admitted in the court proceedings; and that evidence which is purely of character nature is not allowed to be entered in evidence (Victoria University, n.d). This adversarial system protects the strict rules of evidence and procedure where hearsay evidence, irrelevant evidence, opinion evidence, evidence illegally obtained, and prior convictions, as well as evidence reflecting bad character is not admissible in evidence (Victoria University, n.d). In this system, the burden of proof lies with the plaintiff or the party initiating the case. It requires proof beyond reasonable doubt for criminal cases, and balance of probabilities for civil cases

CJUS 340 Research Question Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

CJUS 340 Research Question - Essay Example es in which one or two/more parties consent to commit a crime that does not hurt or violate a third party are prostitution, suicide, and gambling (McWilliams, 1996). Since no two victimless crimes are similar, these crimes have been categorized as low level or high level victimless crimes. This research seeks to answer the question â€Å"Is there such a thing as a victimless crime? To obtain and analyze data on this question, interviews and questionnaires will be presented to different types of participants who will have been recruited into the study. The targeted potential participants include inmates, junior and senior criminal justice system officers such as investigators and lawyers. Further, perpetrators of the alleged victimless crimes will be interviewed for their opinions and feelings about their crimes. Through face-to-face interviews and correspondence, participants will be able to give their views on this rather controversial issue. This collection of data will be followe d by an exhaustive analysis of the responses given and presentation of the obtained outcome. To be included in the presentation are the numerous recommendations that the participants will have given in response to questions that seek their opinion on the way forward on the issue of victimless crimes. As is the case in any other research, all the ethical and legal regulations will be obsereved and adhered to during the entire research, particularly the data collection and analysis stages, which require conformity to several legal and ethical requirements. For instance, the consent of all participants will be sought and the implication of their participation made quite clear to them. Further, the information given by participants will be treated

Pick any Business Law Case and write a 4 Page paper including a Work Essay

Pick any Business Law Case and write a 4 Page paper including a Work Cited Page - Essay Example The facts of the case were simple, Pinnacle Entertainment Inc, a Delaware corporation possessing 97% interest on Belterra Resort Indiana, transferred the title and possession of a riverboat to Belterra Resort Indiana. Pinnacle acquired the remaining 3% interest on Belterra in August of 2001. The Indiana Departments of Revenue conducted an audit of sales tax and use tax of Belterra in 2002 and proclaimed in its assessment that Belterra owed tax amounting to $1,869,783 plus interest and penalty, for acquisition of the riverboat. Belterra protested against the assessment of the Department and the Department after hearing the matter, issued a letter of findings denying the letter of protest. Belterra filed an appeal with the Indiana Tax Court. Both the parties filed for summary motion. The court in Belterra Resort Ind, LLC v. Ind. Dep’t of State Revenue, 900 N.E. 2d 513, 517 granted Belterra’s motion for summary judgment and reasoned that Belterra was not liable for use tax on its acquisition of the river boat due to the fact that the transaction was a contribution to the capital and not the result of a retail transaction (â€Å"Indiana Department of Revenue†). The Revenue Department was not satisfied with this judgment and this led to the case in hand, which was filed in the Supreme Court of Indiana. The problems which the Supreme Court had to sort out before moving with the case were numerous. Firstly, reaching a conclusion that whether the transfer of the river boat from the parent company (Pinnacle) to its subsidiary company (Belterra) was a â€Å"retail transaction† under the Indiana code section 6-2.5-3-2(a), as because the use tax can be imposed on Belterra for the riverboat only when it was acquired under retail transaction (Indiana Department of Revenue v. Belterra Resort). Secondly, the court had to determine whether the riverboat was obtained with or without consideration. Belterra argued that when no consideration was given f or the riverboat, the transaction was not a retail transaction, as  § 6-2.5-4-1(b)(2) states, â€Å"[a] person is engaged in selling retail when†¦he†¦ transfers that property to another person for consideration† (Indiana Department of Revenue v. Belterra Resort ). Thirdly, in the instant case the other critical legal issue was to find out, whether capital contribution by itself meant transfer of property without consideration. Belterra cited Grand Victoria Casino & Resort, LP v. Ind. Department of State Revenue, 789 N.E.2d 1041 to support his contention that capital contribution without consideration gave exemption from taxes (Rucker 827). Fourthly, the court had to determine whether there was exchange of some form of consideration other than cash in between Pinnacle and Belterra. The problem was to get an answer to the questions that â€Å"Was there any other benefit inuring to Pinnacle?† or â€Å"Was there some detriment borne by Belterra?† (Rucker 828). Fifthly, the court had to determine whether the presence of consideration in a transaction is enough to make it a retail sale. Justice Boehm states, â€Å"‘consideration’ is a necessary but not a sufficient condition to render a transaction ‘Selling at retail’† (Rucker 829). This however was contradictory to what Justice Rucker opined before. In the former context it was stated that when capital contribut